Liquid fuel stove



March 14,1944. w DE LANEY 2,344,291

LIQUID FUEL STOVE- Filed Jan. 27. 1940 s Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. RALPH 1M DELANCEY ATTORNEY- March 14, 1944. R w DE LANCEY 2,344,291

LIQUID FUEL STOVE Filed Jan. 27, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 i4 Ti\:. 4. v 1 1 5 r "4 'h /0 l INVENTOR. RALPH W DELA NCE Y BY l n h ATTORNEY.

March 14, 1944. w. DE cEY 2,344,291

LIQUID FUEL STOVE Filed Jan. 27. 1940 s Sheets-Sheet 5 i .E. 1T umuummunmlma1m um 52 INVENTOR. RALPH n4 DEL/INC E Y ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 14, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LIQUID FUEL STOVE Ralph W.

ration of Connecticut Application January 27, 1940, Serial No. 316,040

lil Claims.

The present invention relates to liquid fuel stoves, and is more particularly directed toward liquid fuel stoves of the wick type employing a blower to create a forced draft. v

The present invention contemplates liquid fuel stoves of the type above referred to which become automatically extinguished upon cessation of the forced draft produced by the blower.

According to the present invention the supply of air to the burner is interrupted when the blower fails to operate, either because of failure of current supply, or because of insufiicient voltage or mechanical difiiculties in the blower which cause it to fail to supply air. The air supplied the burner or burners for maintaining proper combustion normally passes through valve mechanism which automatically opens when sufficient forced draft is availableand which automatically closes upon cessation of such forced draft. The closing of the valve means shuts oil air circulation and the very small amount of air near the lighted wick is soon vitiated and the flame extinguished.

Where the present invention is embodied in a stove with more than one burner it is desirable to provide individual air controlling valves for each burner so that all the valves will be open when the blower is in operation, so that air passes out through each burner (irrespective of whether it iis lighted or not) and so that all the valves close simultaneously on cessation of draft thereby making it impossible to induce a natural draft by a burner in operation drawing air in through another burner.

Where the present invention is embodied in a single unit burner the automatic valve may be either between the blower and burner or on the inlet side of the blower. v a

The present'invention also contemplates the provision of improved air diffusing means about the Wick tube in the forced draft type of burner, whereby turbulence of the air passing up to the outside of the flame is substantially eliminated.

Other and further objects of the invention will appear as the description proceeds;

The accompanying drawings show; for purposes of illustrating the present =invention, three of the many embodiments in which the invention may take form, it being understoodthat the drawings are illustrative of the invention rather than limiting the same.

In these drawings:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side elevational view of a multiple unit burner;

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view through De Lancey, Meriden, Conn., assignor to The Miller Company, Meriden,

Conn., a corpoa blower and one form of in multiple unit burners;

Figure 3 is a cross sectional view on the line 33 of Figure 2; I s

Figure 4 is a sectional view similar to Figure 2 showing a modified form of construction;

Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view through a single unit pressure burner; and

Figure 7 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 11 of Figure 6.

In Figure 1 a motor operated blower is diagrammatically illustrated at I 0, a conduit at H and two burners l2 and 53 are supplied from the con duit. Figures 2 and 3 illustratethe blower and burner with one form of associated valve mechanism, while Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the blower and burner with another form of valve mechamsm. i

The blower may include a housing having an air inlet opening 2|, a motor 22 and an'impeller or fan 23 coupled to the motor shaft 24. The draft created by the blower is passed through an burner suitable for use opening 25 into the conduit l I.

A cylindrical member or housing is. secured to the top of the conduit and forms an air chest about a wick tube 3|. The member30 carries a I collar 32 which extends up aboveithe top of the wick tube. The wick tube is supported by the oil tube 33 and the wick raiser 33 soldered to the housing 30, and is provided'with any convenient form of air distributor 34. The upper part of the wick tube carries an air difiuser 35 in the form of a helical coil of wire bent into annular form and secured about the wick tube. v

The top of the conduit II carries a threaded bushing 35 below the center of the wick tubeand extending down through the. bottom of the cone duit. A vertically adjustable rod 31 is threaded 1 into the bushing. Th conduit has a plurality of openings 38 about the shaft 31. These openings form a port through which air can pass from the conduit toward the burner. The port is adapted to be closed by a light-weight, wafer-like member 39 slidably carried .on the shaft .37 and adapted; when the blower is incperation, to be lifted up. against a stop ill conveniently in-the form of the head of a screw carried on the upper end of the rod '37. The rod can be adjusted by turning the thumb wheel at the bottomand lockedinrplace by thenutlll'e p r When the burner bloweris in operation the air passing through the; ports escapes around i the peripher of the disk and Aentersinside an air diffuser 4|. As here shown this air diff-user is of generally conical shape and has a row of openings 42 at the bottom to discharge air out below the wick tube and other openings 43 to discharge air into the interior of the wick tube. The air will pass up between the wick tube and the collar 32 and up through the flame spreader to support combustion when the burner is lighted. When it is not lighted the air escapes. Should the fan stop because of current failure or from mechanical the voltage drop too low to supply enough air to support proper combustion, the valve member 39 will drop, sealing the air chest against the admission of fresh air, and this will quickly extinguish the flame. Inasmuch as all the burners connected to the conduit will have similarl functioning air valves, it is apparent that all the valves will be closed and air cannot be drawn in through one burner, passed through the conduit, and discharged through the lighted burner.

In the arrangement shown in Figures 4 and 5 the upper wall of the conduit H is provided with a large opening 44 below the wick tube and this opening isclosed by a plate 45 having notches 48 adapted to register with clips 41 so that the plate 45 can be secured to the top of the conduit, or released from it. The plate 45 carries ports '48 similar to the ports 38 and a valve mechanism 49 similarto that shown in Figure 2. A slightly different form of air diffuser is indicated at 50. The plate 45 is connected with the flame spreader 34 by straps 5| so that when one removes the flame spreader, the air valve and associated air diffuser is also removed. Where the flame spreader is of the type having an electric igniter means, the current supply wire 52 may be connected to a blade 53 cooperable with a fixed contact 54 so as to connect and disconand removal of the wick tube, wick,

nect the ignition coil incident to the insertion v the flame spreader. This makes it possible to clean these parts at the same time that one cleans the wick.

In the arrangement shown in Figuresfi and '7 flame spreader and air chest may be similar to what has been above described for a motor 62. This motor has a vertical shaft I is discharged from the .the air is passed out under the I air enters the air turbulence.

and corresponding reference characters have been applied; Here the air chest has a lower to which is securedthe housing--61 The air is drawn in'through ports similar to the one previously described. The air blades of the impeller within a deflector 61.

wick tube, as shown, andanother portion of the air passes under the deflector 6'], as indicated, so that the chest comparatively free of it will be noted 64 and received In this arrangement that the self-closing valve is inside the motor housing and controls the inlet port for the single burner. Such a valve is entirely satisfactory for a single burner, as there is no possibility of one burner drawing in airbodied in man forms 'few of the many forms from another.

that the invention may be emand constructions within the scopeof the claims and I wish it to be understoodthat theparticular forms shown are but a Various modifications It is obvious andchanges being possible, I do not otherwise limit myself in any way What is claimedis:

"* '1-.--A liquid-fuel stove comprising a wick-type with respect"thereto.

difficulties, or should Some of open by the 1;; 2. A stove such as v a plurality of burners each provided with a simito maintain combustion at the surface of the wick under forced draft, and an air valve past which air must pass to supply the burner, the valve being maintained open by the pressure reaction of the moving air and being quickly selfclosing in response to loss of said pressure reaction upon the cessation of said forced draft to immediately discontinue the supply of air from the blower to the wick surface and consequently extinguish the burner flame.

claimed in claim 1, having .lar air valve, all of which valves are maintained blower, and each of which valves closes on cessation of forced draft whereby it is impossible for one burner to receive air carried downwardly through another burner.

3. In a liquid fuel burner, a blower adapted to create a forced draft, a conduit for conducting air from the blower, and having an outlet port, an air chest forming member extending upwardly from the conduit and into which air may pass from theport, a coaxial burner collar at the top of the air chest forming member, a wick type burner in the air chest and surrounded by the collar so that all air for combustion must pass through the port, and a valve member cooperative with the port to maintain the air passage open when the blower is in operation and quickly self-closing in response to cessation of said forced draft to immediately discontinue the supply of air from the blower to the wick surface and consequently extinguish the burner flame.

4. A burner such as claimed in claim 3, having air bafiling means on the discharge side of the air valve to effect a diffusion of the air into the air chest.

5; In a liquid fuel burner, a source of air under pressure above atmospheric, a conduit connected thereto and having an outlet port, a valve member having a limited amount of vertical movement and adapted to close the port when the excess pressure above atmosphere is absent and to open the port when the excess pressure is applied, a diffuser above the valve member through which all the air from the port is discharged, an upwardly extending air chest urner, a-blower forblowing air to the burner 75 the 1 about the difiuser and terminating in a burner collar, and a coaxial annular wick tube, wick and flame spreader in the air chest and extendmg to the top of the collar and adjacent the diffuser so that the air passing through the diffuser may be distributed both inside and outside the wick tube. v r

6. A burner such as claimed in claim 5, wherein the flame spreader, the valve memberand the diffuser are interconnected and upwardlyremovable through the wick tube as a unit.

7. A burner such as claimed in claim 5,-wherein the port is in a disconnectible portion of the conduit wall, and said portion, together with the valve member and diffuser, are. connected with an upwardly removable flame spreader.

8. The improvement in a liquid fuel stove employing a tubular wick, a double walled wick tube in which the wick is placed and a flame spreader above the wick tube and extending over wick in spaced relation thereto, which improvement comprises an outer coaxial collar about the upper part of the Wick tube and termlnating close to the flame spreader, a wall v extending downwardly from the'collar and formg an impeller mounted on a verticalshaft and enclosed in the housing for drawing air in cally closing on cessation of blower operation to through the port and discharging it radially into immediately discontinue the supply of air from the air chest, and a deflector intercepting the the blower to the wick surface and consequently discharged air and disposed to discharge part extinguish the flame. of this air into the lower end of the wick tube 5 10. A liquid fuel stove having a plurality of and the remainder into the space about the wick wick type burners each adapted to maintain tube. combustion by natural draft whenever th bottom 9. The improvement in a liquid fuel stove emof the burner is in communication with a supply ploying a tubular wick, a double walled wick of air, a conduit for supplying air to all of said tube in which the wick is placed and a flame burners, a blower to supply air under pressure spreader above the Wick tube and extending over to the conduit, and self-closing blower openable the wick in spaced relation thereto, which immeans adjacent each burner and between it and provement comprises an outer coaxial collar the conduit whereby air under pressure may be about the upper part of the wick tube and tersupplied to all the burners irrespective of Whethminating close to the flame spreader, a wall is ,er the burners are lighted and acting on cessaextending downwardly from the collar and formtion of blower operation to immediately and siing an air chest, a blower including a motor multaneously discontinue the supply of air from housing below the wall and having an inlet port, the blower to all the wick surfaces as well as an impeller mounted on a vertical shaft and natural draft through such burners as are lighted enclosed in the housing for drawing air in on and consequently extinguish the flames of said through the port and discharging it into th air lighted burners whereby no burner can create a chest, and a valve member over the inlet port, natural draft by drawing air in through another the valve member quickly opening in response burner.

to blower operation and immediately automati RALPH W. DE LANCEY. 

